Early recognition and expert management of ectopic pregnancy ensure patient safety, minimize complications, and support future fertility with compassionate, evidence-based care.
Ectopic Pregnancy Management
Ectopic Pregnancy Management
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. Early diagnosis and timely management are essential to prevent serious complications and protect future fertility.
Indications
- Positive pregnancy test with no intrauterine pregnancy on ultrasound
- Severe lower abdominal or pelvic pain
- Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy
- History of ectopic pregnancy or tubal surgery
- Pelvic infection or endometriosis
- Assisted reproductive treatment (IVF/IUI) pregnancies
Diagnosis
- Transvaginal ultrasound
- Serial beta-hCG blood tests
- Clinical examination and medical history
- Doppler studies if required
Treatment Options
1. Medical Management
Suitable for early, unruptured ectopic pregnancy
Methotrexate injection used to stop pregnancy growth
Regular monitoring of beta-hCG levels until resolution
2. Surgical Management
Required in ruptured ectopic pregnancy or unstable patients
Laparoscopic surgery preferred (salpingostomy or salpingectomy)
Open surgery in emergency situations
3. Expectant Management
Selected cases with falling hCG levels
Close monitoring without immediate intervention
Procedure & Care
- Hospital admission if needed
- Pain management and monitoring
- Blood transfusion in case of heavy bleeding
- Rh-immunoglobulin for Rh-negative patients
Recovery & Follow-ups
- Regular beta-hCG monitoring until zero
- Ultrasound follow-up as advised
- Counseling regarding future pregnancy planning
- Contraception advice for a few months post-treatment
Risks & Complications
- Internal bleeding and shock if untreated
- Tubal damage affecting future fertility
- Recurrence risk in future pregnancies
- Side effects of medication (nausea, abdominal pain)
Benefits of Early Management
- Life-saving intervention
- Preserves reproductive organs when treated early
- Allows safer future pregnancy planning
