HSG is an important first-line investigation in infertility work-up, providing valuable insights to plan effective and personalized fertility treatment.
HSG (Hysterosalpingography)
HSG (Hysterosalpingography)
HSG (Hysterosalpingography) is a specialized diagnostic procedure used in fertility evaluation to assess the uterus and fallopian tubes. It helps identify structural abnormalities and tubal blockages that may prevent natural conception.
Indications
- Difficulty in conceiving (infertility evaluation)
- Suspected blocked fallopian tubes
- Recurrent miscarriages
- Congenital uterine abnormalities
- Before planning IUI or IVF treatment
- Post tubal surgery assessment
Procedure
- Timing: Performed after menstruation and before ovulation (Day 7–10 of cycle)
- Preparation: Mild pain relief may be advised prior to the test
- Contrast Injection: A special dye is gently introduced into the uterus through the cervix
- Imaging: X-ray images track the flow of dye through the uterus and fallopian tubes
- Assessment: Tubal patency and uterine shape are evaluated
Duration
- Procedure takes about 10–15 minutes
- Same-day discharge; no hospital stay required
Results
- Normal flow indicates open fallopian tubes
- Delayed or blocked flow suggests tubal obstruction
- Uterine cavity abnormalities such as fibroids or adhesions can be detected
Follow-ups
- Consultation to discuss results
- Planning further treatment like ovulation induction, IUI, or IVF
- Antibiotics may be prescribed if required
Risks & Complications
- Mild pain or cramping during or after the test
- Light spotting for 1–2 days
- Infection (rare)
- Allergic reaction to dye (very rare)
Benefits
- Accurate evaluation of tubal patency
- Helps guide fertility treatment planning
- Minimally invasive and quick procedure
- Sometimes improves fertility by flushing the tubes
